
What 'trauma' really means clinically
Trauma is not the event itself — it is what was unable to be processed at the time. A single event (assault, accident, sudden loss) can cause PTSD. Repeated or sustained events — childhood abuse or neglect, chronic medical trauma, prolonged combat, long-term relational abuse — produce 'complex trauma' or C-PTSD, which adds difficulties with identity, relationships, emotion regulation and somatic disturbances on top of classic PTSD symptoms.
- Single-event trauma → PTSD
- Repeated trauma → complex trauma (C-PTSD)
- Developmental trauma in childhood
- Affects body, mind, relationships




